Ethics in International Value Chain Networks: The Case of Telenor in Bangladesh

The spotlight in the CSR discourse has traditionally been focused on multinational corporations (MNCs). This paper builds on a burgeoning stream of literature that has accorded recent attention to the relevance and importance of integrating small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the CSR debate. The paper begins by an overview of the CSR literature and a synthesis of relevant evidence pertaining to the peculiarities and special relational attributes of SMEs in the context of CSR. Noting the thin theoretical grounding in the literature on offer, the paper then presents relevant CSR theoretical perspectives that could be useful in conducting further research on SMEs. In light of this framework, the paper outlines the findings of an empirical study highlighting the peculiar CSR orientations of SMEs in a developing country context in comparison to some of their MNC counterparts. The study is qualitative in nature, capitalizing on a comparative research design to highlight differences in CSR orientations between SMEs and MNCs. The findings are presented and implications are drawn regarding the peculiar relational attributes of SMEs in the context of CSR generally, and developing countries more specifically, and how this inclination can be further nurtured and leveraged.     

2000年诺贝尔经济学奖得主的科学贡献

瑞典皇家科学院10月1日宣布,将2000年诺贝尔经济学奖授予詹姆斯·赫克曼和丹尼尔·麦克法登,以表彰他们在微观计量经济学领域所作出的杰出贡献.两位获奖者在微观计量经济学领域的主要贡献是,他们在70年代发展了已被广泛用来对个人和家庭行为进行统计分析的理论和方法.该文对他们的科学贡献作了初步的评价.     

An Ordered Tobit Model of Market Participation: Evidence from Kenya and Ethiopia

Do rural households in developing countries make market participation and volume decisions simultaneously or sequentially? This article develops a two-stage econometric method to test between these two competing hypotheses regarding household-level marketing behavior. The first stage models the household's choice of whether to be a net buyer, autarkic, or a net seller in the market. The second stage models the quantity bought (sold) for net buyers (sellers) based on observable household characteristics. Using household data from Kenyan and Ethiopian livestock markets, we find evidence in favor of sequential decision making, the welfare implications of which we discuss.     

E时代我国中小企业营销对策分析

E时代我国中小企业通过互联网实施营销,不仅扭转了中小企业在传统营销中信息滞后的被动局面,为中小企业赢得更多更广泛的市场空间;也有利于中小企业的市场定位,满足顾客的个性化需求。此外,网络营销还可以跨越时空的界限,为中小企业创造更多的商机,使得中小企业在未来商业环境中更具竞争优势。     

浅析中小型企业如何提高竞争力

文章通过对我国中小型企业发展的现状和存在的问题进行研究分析,探寻提高中小企业核心竞争力的对策措施,进而使我国的中小企业在竞争中更具优势,使之在市场竞争中取胜。     

中小企业市场中介组织发展的目标模式

为中小企业服务的市场中介组织发展的目标模式包括服务内容、组织形式、服务方式、发展重点四个方面。其中:服务内容涉及金融服务、信息服务、技术服务、财税会计服务、人力资源开发服务、生产协作服务、产品销售服务、经营管理服务、政策法律服务、产品出口服务等;服务方式主要有提供智力支持、代理业务、提供资金与物质支持、协调关系维护秩序等四种;组织形式可以划分为综合性和专业性两大类;近期发展的重点是中小企业协会。     

Nonlinear continuous time modeling approaches in panel research

Stochastic differential equations (SDE) are used as dynamical models for cross-sectional discrete time measurements (panel data). Thus causal effects are formulated on a fundamental infinitesimal time scale. Cumulated causal effects over the measurement interval can be expressed in terms of fundamental effects which are independent of the chosen sampling intervals (e.g. weekly, monthly, annually). The nonlinear continuous–discrete filter is the key tool in deriving a recursive sequence of time and measurement updates. Several approximation methods including the extended Kalman filter (EKF), higher order nonlinear filters (HNF), the local linearization filter (LLF), the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), the Gauss–Hermite filter (GHF) and generalizations (GGHF), as well as simulated filters (functional integral filter FIF) are compared.     

Continuous time modeling of panel data: SEM versus filter techniques

Although convincing arguments have been put forward for continuous-time modeling, its use in panel research is rare. In one approach, classical N  = 1 state-space modeling procedures are adapted for panel analysis to estimate the exact discrete model (EDM) by means of filter techniques. Based on earlier less satisfactory indirect methods, a more recent approach uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to get the maximum likelihood estimate of the EDM by the direct method. After an introduction into continuous-time state-space modeling for panel data and the EDM, a thorough comparison is made between the two distinct approaches with quite different histories by means of Monte Carlo simulation studies. The model used in the simulation studies is the damped linear oscillator with and without random subject effects.     

信息技术供应商在湖北省的发展战略研究

对湖北省200个样本企业进行了问卷调查;并用调查数据阐述了企业信息化现状和企业对信息技术的需求情况以及信息技术供应商的发展战略。     

符号学视角下的“词媒体”及其传播过程

随着网络与传媒的相互渗透与融合,网络平台催生出的语词传媒语言形态也随之衍生壮大。2010年中文百科网站“互动百科”提出“词媒体”概念,作为一种新近产生的语词现象,引起了业界的关注和热议。从传播符号学的角度考察“词媒体”,其传媒符号的功能属性是界定“词媒体”内涵与外延的基础,而其符号表意作用则对传递“草根”的社会政治、文化、舆论诉求具有深层的符号表征价值和媒介象征意义。